The world is witnessing a rising number of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases, with dialysis becoming the primary treatment option. However, the effectiveness of dialysis and the quality of life for patients heavily rely on their self-management capabilities. Mobile health (mHealth) has emerged as a vital tool, offering real-time medical support through portable devices, to assist dialysis patients in optimizing their self-management. This study aims to comprehensively explore the core elements of self-management for dialysis patients and clarify the primary applications of mHealth. By examining various aspects, including mHealth types, relevant theories and models, mHealth-based interventions, and evaluation indicators, the study provides valuable insights into enhancing self-management and improving patient outcomes. Despite the promising potential of mHealth, there is still significant room for advancement. Future research should focus on adaptive software development, integrating artificial intelligence, addressing special population needs, and establishing standardized self-management evaluation systems. The findings not only offer a theoretical framework for optimizing clinical management strategies but also provide practical guidance for app development, ultimately empowering patients and improving their dialysis experience.
